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1、PPT模板下载：,Metaphor & Analogy,(2) Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.,(1) Reading is the food of the mind.,( 1 ) metaphor ( 2 ) analogy,Contents,Metaphor Analogy Metaphor & Analogy,a way of describing something by referring to it as something different and suggesting that it has similar q
2、ualities of that thing,Metaphor,Another definition: like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.,Metaphor,The properties of an effective metaphor： freshness and originality （立意新颖） 2) aptness （恰当贴切） 3) consiste
3、ncy（协调一致）,Metaphor,sustained metaphor 博喻 extended metaphor 延喻,Varieties of Metaphor （变体）,Metaphor,A comparison between two unlike things that continues through a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem.,Varieties of Metaphor- Sustained metaphor 博喻,again out leapt the fifth flash, with
4、the spring of a serpent and the shout of a fiend, looked green as an emerald, and the reverberation was stunning. 第五次闪电又发作了, 这闪电象蛇一样蜿蜒游动, 爆发出魔鬼的嘶喊。电光象翠玉一祥碧绿, 回响震耳欲聋。,Metaphor,Beauty is but a vain and doubtful good, A shining gloss that vadeth suddenly; A flower that dies when first it begins to bud;
5、 A brittle glass thats broken presently;,美不过是作不得准的浮影; 像耀眼的光彩, 很快就会销毁; 像一朵花刚开放随即凋零; 像晶莹的玻璃转眼就已破碎;,Metaphor,According to the Longman Modern English Dictionary, the author use extended metaphor make an initial comparison and then develop it, expanding the idea. （作出初次比较再扩展，以延伸作者的意图）,Varieties of Metapho
6、r- Extended metaphor 延喻,Metaphor,Lawslike cobwebs, where the small flies are caught and the great break through. 法律犹如蛛网，小的蚊蝇给网捕住，大的则一冲而过。,Metaphor,Varieties of Metaphor- Extended metaphor 延喻- Types of extended metaphor,1.Verb types: Her eyes, pools of love, were rippling in tenderness. (她的双眼似爱的池塘，正泛
7、着柔情蜜意的涟漪.) 2.Noun types Marriage is a book of which the first chapter is written in poetry and remaining chapters in prose. (结婚，是一本第一章以诗写成，其余各章以散文写就的书.),Metaphor,3.Adjective types: She has a photographic memory for detail. (她对细节有照相机般的记忆力.) 4.Preposition phrase types A policeman waved me out of the s
8、nake of traffic and flagged me to stop. (一位警察招手, 要我从长蛇阵般的车流中出来， 并招呼我停下.) The stone shaped as a kitten with crystal eyes. (石头形如小猫，眼似水晶. ),Metaphor,5.Sentence types He is as poor as a church mouse, and a church mouse like him eats like a horse. (他一贫如洗，赤贫的他又特别能吃.) The chess-board is the world, where th
9、e rules of the game are what we call the laws of nature. (棋盘如世界，游戏规则如同自然法则.),Metaphor,Teach a fish to swim 班门弄斧 Feather ones nest 中饱私囊 Beard the lion in his den 虎口拔牙 Add insult to injury 雪上加霜 Cast pearls before swine 对牛弹琴 Hold the candle to the devil 助纣为虐 Cry up wine and sell vinegar 挂羊头，卖狗肉 Fish in
10、 the air 水中捞月, Idioms or phrases with Metaphor（1）,Metaphor,Lock the stable door after the horse is stolen 亡羊补牢 Kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕 Set a fox to keep ones geese 引狼入室 Let sleeping dogs lie 不要打草惊蛇 Kick against the pricks 以卵击石 Let the cat out of the bag hold a wolf by the ears 露马脚 A flash
11、 in the pan 昙花一现 Ride two horses at the same time 骑虎难下, Idioms or phrases with Metaphor（2）,Metaphor,a bed of roses 安乐窝 clean hands 两袖清风（清廉） curtain-lecture 枕头风（枕边话） like mushroom 雨后春笋 mushroom fame 一夜成名 a mushroom millionaire 暴发户, Idioms or phrases with Metaphor（3）,Metaphor,analogy draws a parallel
12、between two unlike things （two things not in one aspect）that have several common qualities or points of resemblance. Text book P7：analogy is a special kind of comparison and a more concrete way to explain things. like comparison, analogy shows similaries; not like comparison, analogy aims at what is
13、 common between two things of different classes.,Analogy,Analogy,Analogy- Patterns of analogy 1）A is to B as C is to D Food is to man as fuel is to engine. Air is to man as water is to fish. 2）A is to B what C is to D (or: A to B is what C is to D, or what C is to D, A is to B) Judicious praise is t
14、o children what the sun is to flowers. The man who cannot be trusted is to society what a bit of rotten timber is to a house.,Analogy,3）(Just) as AB, (so) CD (or: so CD, just as AB) （Just）as dark clouds cannot long hide the sun, (so) no lies can cover up facts. Just as Darwin discovered the law of o
15、rganic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human history. 4）If A were B, C wouldD If society were a train the etiquette would be the rails along which only the train could rumble forth; if society were a state coach, the etiquette would be the wheels and axis on which only the coach
16、 roll forward.,Analogy,Analogy,Metaphor vs. Analogy,Analogy,Metaphor,vs.,Metaphor vs. Analogy,Analogy,Metaphor,vs.,This form is usually being used in teaching. If one thing is not being understood by the student you can parallel it and put an analogy on something that would give you the same meaning as to what you really meant.,1.英语修辞与翻译Figures of speech 2. 实用英语修辞学 3. Sustained Metaphor及其喻体分析
