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1、Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?,课件制作：周世均,一、宾语从句（二）,(一)由特殊引导词引导的宾语从句,(一)由特殊引导词引导的宾语从句,(二) 宾语从句的语序,1.宾语从句应该用陈述语序,即按“主语+谓语+宾语”的顺序排列。 Can you tell me what he wants? 你能告诉我他想要什么吗?,2.当who,whose或which对主语提问时,语序不变;变为宾语从句时,语序依然不变。 She asked who would answer those questions.她问谁准备回答那些问题。
2、,(三) 宾语从句的时态,1.若主句为现在时态,从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用所需要的时态。 We hope youll have a very happy year in our class.我们希望你在我们班能度过快乐、幸福的一年。,2.若主句为过去时态,则宾语从句通常选用过去时态中的某一种形式。 He said he was doing his homework then.他说他那时在做作业。,3.若从句是客观真理、一种现象、科学原理、现阶段存在的客观事实、经常性、习惯性动作,或是谚语、格言等,其时态常用一般现在时。 The scientists said the sun rises
3、in the east and goes down in the west. 科学家们说太阳从东方升起,西方落下。,(四) 否定转移,主句为I/We think/believe/guess/suppose时,从句若表示否定,一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中,这种现象叫作“否定转移”。 I dont think he will come.我认为他不会来了。,(五) 宾语从句的反意疑问句,含有宾语从句的复合句在构成反意疑问句时,应根据主句的主语和谓语来确定,但对于含有否定转移的宾语从句,必须根据从句来确定。 Jim told us (that) they would leave this sc
4、hool,didnt he? 吉姆告诉我们他们将离开这个学校,不是吗? I dont think (that) he is right,is he? 我认为他不对,是吗?,(六) 宾语从句与简单句的相互转换,当宾语从句是由when,where,why,who,which,what,whose等引导时,有时可以转换为由“疑问代词/疑问副词+不定式”结构作宾语的形式,从而句子便由一个主从复合句变为了简单句。,1.当主句的主语与宾语从句的主语一致时,可以将其改为简单句。 I dont know what I shall do next. =I dont know what to do next.我不
5、知道下一步做什么。,2.当主句中含有双宾语时,如果间接宾语与宾语从句的主语一致时,也可以将这个主从复合句变为简单句。 Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? =Can you tell me how to get to the police station?你能告诉我怎样到达警察局吗?,针对性训练,.单项填空 1.(2015泰安中考) Could you please tell me you will go to Hong Kong on business? Sure.I prefer to take a plane. A.wh
6、ether B.why C.when D.how,提示:考查宾语从句的连接词。句意为“请你告诉我你将怎样去 香港做生意好吗?”“当然可以。我更喜欢乘飞机”。 whether 是否;why为什么;when什么时候;how如何,怎样。根据“我更喜欢 乘飞机”可知问句是问如何去香港,故选D。,针对性训练,.单项填空 2.(2015南充中考) We dont know when next week.Please call me when he arrives. A.will he arrive B.does he arrive C.he will arrive D.he arrives,提示:考查宾语
7、从句。前句意为“我们不知道他下周什 么时候到”。宾语从句用陈述语序,故排除A、B两项;再 由时间状语next week可知,从句需用一般将来时,故选C。,针对性训练,.单项填空 3.(2015烟台中考) My deskmate asked me . A.when would I go to the zoo B.whom I would play tennis with C.how did I get home that evening D.whether I have been to Singapore,提示:考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述语序, 故A, C都不对, D项 时态为现在完成时,
8、而主句谓 语动词为一般过去时, 故选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 4.(2015常德中考)Could you tell me ? Sure. A.where the restrooms are B.where are the restrooms C.where is the restroom,提示:考查宾语从句。疑问句作宾语从句时原来 的疑问语序要改为陈述语序,故选A。,针对性训练,.单项填空 5.(2015黔西南中考) My mother asked me this morning. A.why did I get up late B.why I got up late C.why do I
9、 get up late D.why I get up late,提示:考查宾语从句的用法。句意为“我妈妈问我为什么 今天早上起晚了”。宾语从句应用陈述语序,主句为一般 过去时,从句用与过去有关的时态。根据句意可知,选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 6.(2015云南中考) I wonder at 6:00 yesterday afternoon. I was doing my homework in the reading room. A.what were you doing B.what did you do C.what you were doing D.what you are doi
10、ng,提示:考查宾语从句。句意为“我想知道昨天晚上六点你 正在做什么。”“我正在阅览室做作业”。从答句可知 用过去进行时,排除B,D。又因宾语从句中疑问词后应接 陈述语序,故选C。,针对性训练,.单项填空 7.(2015桂林中考)Sir,do you know ? Im not very sure.Please ask the worker over there. A.when will the next train start B.when the next train will start C.when did the next train start,提示:考查宾语从句。宾语从句应为陈述
11、语序,故选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 8.(2015黔南州中考)Do you know the meeting? Tomorrow morning. A.when they had B.when they are going to have C.when did they have D.when are they going to have,提示:考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据宾语从句的语序 应为陈述语序可排除C和D;结合答语可知用一般将来时, 故选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 9.(安顺中考)I dont think she will agree with us, ? A.will she
12、 B.wont she C.dont you D.do you,提示:考查反意疑问句。在I/We think句型中,反意疑问 句中的谓语动词和主语与从句一致,排除C、D;由于主句 是否定句,故后面用肯定形式,所以选A。,针对性训练,.单项填空 10.(巴中中考) Our teacher said the earth round the sun. A.traveled B.travels C.travel,提示:考查宾语从句。句意为“我们的老师说地球围绕着 太阳转”。此处强调的是客观真理,因此从句时态使用一 般现在时,故选B。,关于有礼貌地问路,When you travel to a new
13、place and you cant find your way,you can ask someone for help.But do you know how to ask the way in an English-speaking country?There are many rules you should follow,and one of the most important things you should remember is to be polite.No one likes to help those who are impolite.Youd better stop
14、 to wait or walk to the person who you want to ask the way.Dont be nervous,and dont walk too fast,or the person will,have doubts about your intention.Dont touch or stand close to the person,especially a lady,because the people in some Western countries will feel uncomfortable when some strangers are
15、 too close to them.When you ask the way,its important to express your ideas in a polite way.First of all,you should say “Excuse me” to catch someones attention.There are many ways to ask the way,but the most important thing is how to be polite.For example,“How can I get to,the nearest post office?”
16、and “Could you please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?” are similar requestsboth are correct English,but the first could sound rude.Its important to use correct language,but sometimes this is not enoughwe need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.Usually the polite ways are longer and more difficult than those direct ways because you need
