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1、词汇应用在初中英语学业水平考试中，词汇应用是英语测试中的一种必考题型，主要考察学生的阅读理解能力以及对所学词汇的运用能力。在做题时要求考生了解短文大意及相关的语境，然后根据上下文提供的信息来确定所给词的适当形式。【题型考点解读】201320122011名词单复数及所有格1次（所有格）1次（所有格）1次（复数）词性转换3次（adj-advn-adj 基-序）2次（adj-adv）2次（adj-adv）动词时态语态3次（时态）3次（时态）1次（语态）2次（时态）动词短语搭配2次2次2次代词1次1次1次形容词比较级最高级1次（比较级）1次（比较级）1次（比较级）1次（最高级）介词+doing1次形容
2、词变反义词1次1次过去分词做后置定语1次【题型命题趋势】纵观近几年来的词汇应用题我们会发现有以下几个特点：1.动词形式的变化是考查的重点，包括动词短语的运用。2.可数名词的单复数变化、名词所有格、不可数名词、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、基数词变序数词、形容词的比较级、形容词和副词之间的互相转换等是必考的对象。3.近三年的词汇应用题部分考查了两个到三个短语，有的是动词短语，有的是名词短语。英语中有大量的各种类型的短语需要记忆，所以对这方面的考查是中考的必考点之一。【如何进行复习？】1.厚积薄发谨记心！千道理、万道理、积累背诵才是硬道理。在学习中要对词汇、动词短语以及固定搭配进行积极背诵和及时的
3、巩固复习，只有打牢基础，做题时才能得心应手。2.进行限时训练，总结做题技巧，提高解题能力。【解题方法与技巧】一、词汇应用题解题方法技巧谨记词汇应用题的特点是-词不离句，句不离篇1.认真阅读全句，理解句意2.分析应填词充当的句子成分，准确判断应填词的词性I was surprised with the _(develop) of Shanghai.例题中由句意可知,需要用develop的名词形式development3.综合考虑，判断所填词的正确形式A. 找出提示词例 1：Therearemany_ (child)intheclassroom.例2：This lessonis_(difficul
4、t)thanthatone.例3：Davidworks_(care)inhisclass.解析：例1空格前有many，应填child的复数形式。例2由空格后的than可知，应填difficult的比较级moredifficult。例3空格前有动词works，可知后应填副词，再根据后面的inhisclass可知，应填carefully的最高级themostcarefully。B. 注意动词短语固定搭配如：use sth to do sth allow sb to do sth spend time (in) doing mind doing sth be interested in 二、常考词性
5、考点分析1. 名词：名词单复要牢记，还有s不能弃A. Spiderman is one of the most famous comic book _(hero) of all time.B. With tears in his eyes, he asked the question with these words,“Are you _(God) wife?”“No，I m a mother ,”said the woman.Keys: A. heroes B. Gods2. 形容词、副词：形、副注意用三级，形、副转换时常考，形修名词副修动，牢牢记在心头上A. They cant under
6、stand their teacher_(clear)B. But it may be _ (good) than you think Keys: A. clearly B. better4. 数词： 要填数词请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”So he did .He had never sung in public before . Now he was singing for the _(one) time . Keys: first5.填代词需慎重，五格变化（she her her hers herself）要谨记But now at least he can live on _ (he)
7、 own Keys: his6.介词：介词后面动名词，常见介词 （of before after in for with without except by ）记心头After _(explain) something in class, he asked his students if they understood.Keys: explaining7. 动词：动词注意要变形（第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词）; 时态判断方法多，根据时态呼应、上下文、时间状语都可以;语态判断顺句意，动词短语要牢记，平日积累最可贵.A. Be quite! He _ (listen) to the radio
8、. B. Its just because you look like my son , whom I _ (not see ) for a long time . C. If you can think of someone who should _(give) an apology(道歉) from you , do something about it right now. D.The doctor said my father _(get) well in two months .Keys: A. is listening （根据上下文） B. havent seen (for+段时间
9、 since 短语是现在完成时态的典型时间状语) C. be given(根据句意) D. would get（根据时态呼应，在宾语从句中要注意时态呼应。若主句是一般过去时态，从句若不是客观真理，其时态也要用相对应的过去时态）如果所给动词在句子中不作谓语，就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式（to do doing done）。究竟选用哪种非谓语动词形式，可根据情况从以下几方面来考虑。1. 动词不定式常用的情况是（1）在及物动词后用不定式作宾语如：want to do help to do decide to do would like to do 等 （2）用不定式做宾补如：use sth to
10、 do sth ask sb to do sth allow sb to do sth want sb to do sth encourage sb to do sth等 （3） 用不定式做形补如: be pleased to do sth be happy to do sth等 （4） 用不定式做后置定语如：something to eat have time to do sth have a chance to do sth a good place to visit the best way to do sth 等 （5）在某些句型中要用动词不定式如：it is time for sb
11、to do sth it is +adj for sb +to do sth （6）在短语be made to do sth be seen to do sth be heard to do sth be allowed to do sth 中用动词不定式2. 在某些动词后用省to 的动词不定式，如：make sb do sth let sb do sth 但在某些动词后既可用动词原形又可用doing 来表示不同的涵义如：see sb do sth 看到某人做某事的过程 see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 ，相同用法还有单词 notice watch hear 等。3. 在某
12、些单词后要用动词ing形式如：enjoy finish mind spend be busy doing sth look forward to doing sth cant help doing sth have fun doing sth have problems doing sth 4.过去分词做后置定语如：After some time ,one of the brothers picked up a jar filled (fill ) with gold coins. 【知能训练】(一)Brian was not good at public speaking . One day
13、, he 1 (invite) to make a speech at a church. His 2 (young) sister Ann knew he was nervous and tried to calm him down. Dont worry. Everything 3 (be) fine. When the day came, Brians car had an accident on the way to the church. Luckily, he was not 4 (bad) hurt and arrived at the church on time. It wa
14、s 5 (he) turn . When he stood up, hit coat became tangled with his chair . After a few 6 (minute), he finally began his speech . but he was so nervous that he dropped his book . Many people thought he would run , but he went on.Suddenly, people saw something 7 (usual) 8 (run) down from his nose, blo
15、od! He stopped _9_ (speak) when he saw the blood. But he still tried to finish his speech. Then Ann quietly moved to the front and handed him her handkerchief. Then she gave him a smile and 10 (return) to her seat.It was a 11 (real) simple gesture , and might be the 12 (simple) . She just saw someone in need , and gave him a hand. In
