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1、【超实用】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区别观察下列从Reading中选取的句子This gift was the Amber Room，which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey.Later，Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg wh
2、ere she spent her summers.This was a time when the two countries were at war.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.自我总结为 定语从句，与主句之间有逗号；为 定语从句，与主句之间无逗号。【答案】非限制性限制性限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别限制性定语从句非限
3、制性定语从句形式与主句之间不用逗号隔开与主句之间一般用逗号隔开功能对先行词进行限定、修饰。如果去掉，剩余部分的意义便不完整、不明确对先行词作附加说明，去掉后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、明确先行词名词或名词性词组名词、名词性词组或整个主句引导词所有的关系代词/副词除that和why之外的关系代词/副词翻译常译成前置定语常译成并列分句She has found the necklace(that)she lost two weeks ago.她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。She is working hard，which everyone can see.她工作一直很努力，这是大家有目共睹的。【
4、提示】并非只有which才能引导非限制性定语从句。使用非限制性定语从句时，如果先行词指人，可用who，whom或whose来引导；先行词指物，可用which，whose来引导；先行词表时间或地点，可用when，where来引导(它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语)。二、as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别1as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分。2as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中和之后，而which引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。3as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which常译为
5、“这；那”。常用句型有：as we all know，as is known to all，as everybody can see，as is expected等。He did the experiment successfully，as had been expected.正如期望的那样，他试验做得非常成功。He failed in the experiment，which was unexpected.他试验失败了，这是没有料到的。.单项填空1(2013江苏高考)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China
6、， he remembers starting as early as his childhood.AwhereB whichCwhatD when【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。【答案】B2(2013山东高考)There is no simple answer， is often the case in science.AasBthat CwhenDwhere【解析】考查定语从句。此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。【答案】A3I am going to the airpo
7、rt to meet my uncle tomorrow morning， he will be back from abroad.AwhoB whenCwhereD which【解析】when为关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tomorrow morning；when在从句中作时间状语。【答案】B4The reason he refused to attend the meeting was that they didnt give him an invitation earlier.AhowB whichCwhyD because【解析】句意：他拒绝出席会议的原因是他们没有提前邀
8、请他。he refused to attend the meeting是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，故用关系副词why引导，why在从句中作原因状语。【答案】C5The place I visited last summer is just the place I spent my childhood.Athat；whereB that；thatCwhere；whereD where；that【解析】句意：今年夏天我去参观的那个地方就是我童年待的地方。分析句子结构可知，第一个定语从句的先行词为the place，从句中缺少visited的宾语，用t
9、hat/which引导，亦可省略；第二个定语从句的先行词为第二个空前的the place，从句中缺少状语，用where引导，故A项正确。【答案】A6The newlybuilt cafe，the walls of are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.AthatB itCwhatD which【解析】从句子结构看，cafe后面为非限制性定语从句，因此只能选择which作the walls of的宾语，表示“咖啡馆的墙壁”。the walls of which相当于
10、whose walls。【答案】D7John said hed been working in the office for an hour， was true.AheB thisCwhichD who【解析】指代主句中hed been working in the office for an hour这一情况，因此只能选择which，在从句中作主语。【答案】C8American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.AwhoB asCabout whichD with whom
11、【解析】talk作“交谈”讲时，是不及物动词，后接宾语须与适当的介词连用。定语从句的先行词是人，应构成talk with sb.，此处将介词提前。【答案】D9He took the machine to show every detail of its operation.AasB apartCawayD back【解析】句意：他把机器拆开，让大家看操作的每个细节。take apart“拆开”，符合句意。take.as“把看作”；take away“拿走，带走”；take back“收回”。【答案】B10(2011浙江高考)One Friday，we were packing to leave
12、 for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.AafterB whileCsinceD when【解析】句意：一个周五，我们正在收拾行李，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。be doing.when.“正在做某事，这时(突然)”，是常用结构，故选D项。【答案】D.句型转换1It is known to us that Taiwan is part of China. ，Taiwan is part of China.2This is the room which/that my grandmother used to live in.Thi
13、s is the room 3Her sister teaches us English，and she will go abroad next year.Her sister， ，will go abroad next year.4We saw a film last night.It was very interesting.The film saw last night was very interesting.5He failed in the exam.It made his parents very angry.He failed in the exam， very angry.6
14、I have lost the pen.My father bought it for my sixteenth birthday.I have lost the pen for my sixteenth birthday.7. The book is worth reading.He paid 6 yuan for it.The book is worth reading.8She is a teacher of much knowledge.Much can be learned from her.She is a teacher of much knowledge 【答案】1.As is known to us2.in which/where my grandmother used to live3.who teaches us English4that/which we5.which made his parents6.that/which my father bought7.for which he paid 6 yuan8from whom much can be learned.随着
