关于否定前移.doc

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1、关于否定是否前移的概述和经典例句1在带宾语从句的复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine等表示“观点、信念、推测”等心理活动的动词时,否定谓语从句的not往往转移到主句,成为“形式否定主句,意义否定从句”,这种语法现象就叫做否定(前)转移。如: I dont think he will come this afternoon. 我认为他今天下午不会来。 I dont believe I have the pleasure of knowing you. 很遗憾,我并不认识你。 I do

2、nt guess that they have got married. 我猜他们还没有结婚。 I dont expect they have finished the work. 我料想他们还没有完成工作。 I dont suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of study abroad. 我看他在国外学习几年后不会回家乡了。 I dont feel you should go. 我觉得你不应该去。 I didnt imagine that Tom would help her. 我猜想汤姆不会帮助她。 2. 主句

3、中的谓语动词若与情态动词或状语连用时,不转移否定。 I cant believe that they are married. 我真不敢相信他们结婚了。 We cant believe that he turns an honest penny. 我们不能相信他是用正当手段挣钱。 You mustnt think hes an honest person. 你不可以认为他是一个诚实的人。 I didnt ever suppose that they were happy. 我并不认为他们是幸福的。 但是,在带有cant和couldnt的句子中,有时cant和couldnt带有否定转移的含义。如

4、:She cant seem to do it. (=She seems not to be able to do it.) 她似乎不能做这件事。 注意动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel在下列情况下,否定不转移: (1) 这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时,否定不转移。如: I believe and hope he wont do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。 I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。 (2) 用于疑问句时,否定不转移。

5、如: Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗? Dont you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事? (3) 用作插入语时,否定不转移。如: Li Lei, I think, wont be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。 Tom, I suppose, wont be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。 Mike, I believe, hasnt seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。 (4) 动词前有其他副词修

6、饰时,否定不转移。如: I really dont think its necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。 I feel strongly that he shouldnt do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。 (5) 动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,否定不转移。 I thought that he wouldnt come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。 She didnt believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信他变成了一个好孩子。

7、 He thinks that he isnt fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。 He doesnt believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。 (6) 当宾语从句中含的否定为notat all, not a little, not a few, not enough, cant help等固定搭配时,否定不转移。如: I think that he doesnt know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。 I suppose that it is not enough to rememb

8、er the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好,那么只记单词是不够的。 I believe that you cant help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。 (7) 当宾语从句中含no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, hardly, seldom, little, few等否定词或半否词时,否定不转

9、移。如: I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。 I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话,那么谁也逃不掉。 I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。3 当think用在疑问句中时,不转移否定。 Why do you think I cant change your note? 你为什么认为我换不开你的钞票呢? 4 由knew, fe

10、ar, mean, I am afraid等动词形式构成的宾语从句中,其否定词not,通常不进行否定转移。当然,这并不是说否定词not不能否定以上动词形式,而是说否定宾语从句和否定主句谓语动词的意思不同。试比较: He knew you wouldnt tell on him. 他知道你不会出卖他。 He didnt know you should tell on him. 他没想到你竟会出卖他。 I mean you didnt do it right. 我是说你做得不对。 I dont mean you did it right. 我并不是说你做的对。 I am afraid that h

11、e wont threaten me with death. 恐怕他不会以死来威胁我。 I am not afraid that he will threaten me with death. 我不怕他以死来威胁我。 5 动词hope不可进行否定转移。 I hope it wont snow. 我希望天不下雨。 I hope she doesnt dislike the flowers. 我希望她不会讨厌(会喜欢)这些花。 6 在下列几种情况下,think的宾语从句中的否定词通常不可前移到主句中: 1) 宾语从句中有固定短语,如cant help, not at all, not only b

12、ut also 等。 I think everybody cant help laughing if they see it. 我认为,人们看到时会禁不住大笑。 I think she is not only beautiful but also kind. 我认为,她不仅漂亮,而且善良。 2) 宾语从句中not与just, enough, quite, much等副词连用。如: I think you are not quite sure about it. 我认为,你们对这一点并不能完全肯定。 I think shes not much like her mother. 我觉得,她不怎么像

13、她的母亲。 3) 宾语从句中含有no, nothing, never, nobody等。如: I think she has never been there. 我认为,她从未去过那里。 4) think本身有其他词修饰或与其他动词构成并列谓语。如: I sometimes think he is not an honest man. 我有时认为他并不诚实。 I do think you shouldnt hurt her. 我的确认为你不该伤害她。 I think and hope that Im not disturbing you so much. 我认为,也希望,我不太打扰你。 5)t

14、hink以过去时、完成时等出现,则不一定要求否定前移。如: I was thinking that he wouldnt succeed. 我在想他不会成功。 I thought you didnt marry her. 我原以为你不会与她结婚。 I had thought he wouldnt come. 我愿意为他不会来呢。 但是,在现代英语中,为了使语气柔和,过去时态的句子中偶尔也可见到这种否定转移。如: I dont think this man would want to hurt me. 我想,这个人不会伤害我。 6)think的主语不是I或we,而是其它人称。如: They think she will not come. 他们认为她不会来。 7 在现代英语中,下面两句都可以说: I dont think he will succeed. I think he wont succeed. 我认为他不会成功。建立组织,明确分工 为保证活动成功开展,班级设多个工作小组,由文艺委员刘亚宁同学负责,明确任务,紧紧围绕迎新年这个中心,积极开展工作。各小组成员全力以赴,保证在预定的时间内完成各项任务,为文艺演出做好充分的准备

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