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1、Cisco HSRP的配置 双机热备经典案例HSRP一般用于两台，也可以用于多台。必须在每台起HSRP上的路由器上配置。WhentheHSRPisconfiguredonanetworksegment,ITprovidesavirtualMediaAccessControl(MAC)addressandanIPaddressthatissharedamongroutersinagroupofroutersthatisrunningHSRP.Oneofthesedevicesisselectedbytheprotocoltobetheactiverouter.Theactiverouterrec
2、eivesandroutespacketsdestinedforthegroupsMACaddress.FornroutersrunningHSRP,therearen+1IPandMACaddressesassigned.但是aceive只有一台，standby只有一台，其实其他的都在监听状态。所以zyx说的是处在active和standby的状态的只有两台。附一个配置实例：version12.0servicetimestampsdebuguptimeservicetimestampsloguptimenoservicepassword-encryption!hostnamer1!enabl
3、epasswordcisco!ipsubnet-zero(新版的IOS都支持全0/1子网)!interfaceEthernet0ipaddress136.147.107.101255.255.0.0noipredirectsnoipdirected-broadcaststandby150timers515/*定义150组5秒交换一次hello信息，15秒没收到hello信息就开始切换*/standby150priority110/*定义150组的主路由器权值，值越大，为主路由器希望越大*/standby150preempt/*enable150组的hsrp抢占功能*/standby150aut
4、henticationcisco/*设置150组的router身份验证串*/standby150ip136.147.107.100/*定义150组的浮动地址，也是这台router连接的网络的网关*/standby150trackEthernet0/*定义监控的端口*/!interfaceSerial0noipaddressnoipdirected-broadcastnoipmroute-cacheshutdownnofair-queue!ipclassless!linecon0transportinputnoneline116lineaux0linevty04passwordciscologi
5、n!end配置基本HSRP例子：提问当主用路由器当掉以后备份路由器可以接管主用路由器的IP地址和MAC地址回答Router1：Router1#configureterminalEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router1(config)#interfaceFastEthernet0/1Router1(config-if)#ipaddress172.22.1.3255.255.255.0Router1(config-if)#standby1ip172.22.1.1Router1(config-if)#standby1pri
6、ority120Router1(config-if)#exitRouter1(config)#endRouter1#Router2：Router2#configureterminalEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router2(config)#interfaceFastEthernet1/0Router2(config-if)#ipaddress172.22.1.2255.255.255.0Router2(config-if)#standby1ip172.22.1.1Router2(config-if)#standby1
7、priority110(默认priorityis100)Router2(config-if)#exitRouter2(config)#endRouter2#注释由于HSRP虚拟出来的MAC地址跟组相关，所以可能会出现同一交换机收到多个相同的MAC地址的情况，这时候就需要用standby1mac-address0000.0c07.ad01命令来人工指定一个MAC地址提问强制某个路由器启动后一直在组中处于主用状态回答Router1#configureterminalEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwIThCNTL/Z.Router1(config)
8、#interfaceFastEthernet0/1Router1(config-if)#standby1ip172.22.1.1Router1(config-if)#standby1priority120Router1(config-if)#standby1preemptRouter1(config-if)#exitRouter1(config)#endRouter1#Router2#configureterminalEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router2(config)#interfaceFastEthernet
9、1/0Router2(config-if)#standby1ip172.22.1.1Router2(config-if)#standby1priority110Router2(config-if)#standby1preemptdelay60(最好有时延)Router2(config-if)#exitRouter2(config)#endRouter2#注释正常情况下当LAN端口up后就会发生强占，而此时可能网络还没有收敛，所以建议配置强占延迟时间，让路由器启动后过一段时间再发起强占standby1preemptdelay6022.3.配置HSRP对接口问题追踪的支持提问当主用路由器的上联端口
10、出现问题后主动切换到备用路由器回答Router1#configureterminalEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router1(config)#interfaceFastEthernet0/1Router1(config-if)#standby1ip172.22.1.1Router1(config-if)#standby1priority120Router1(config-if)#standby1preemptRouter1(config-if)#standby1trackSerial0/020Router1(conf
11、ig-if)#exitRouter1(config)#endRouter1#从12.2(15)T后引入更多可追踪实例Router1#configureterminalEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router1(config)#track11interfaceSerial1/1iproutingRouter1(config-track)#exitRouter1(config)#interfaceFastEthernet0/0Router1(config-if)#standby1ip172.22.1.1Router1(co
12、nfig-if)#standby1priority120Router1(config-if)#standby1preemptRouter1(config-if)#standby1track11decrement50Router1(config-if)#endRouter1#注释Router1#showtrackTrack11InterfaceSerial1/1iproutingIProutingisDown(hwadmin-down,ipdisabled)1change,lastchange00:12:48Trackedby:HSRPFastEthernet0/0122.4.HSRP负载均衡提
13、问在两台或者多台HSRP路由器上实现流量的负载均衡回答Router1#configureterminalEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router1(config)#interfaceFastEthernet0/1Router1(config-if)#ipaddress172.22.1.3255.255.255.0Router1(config-if)#standby1ip172.22.1.1Router1(config-if)#standby1priority120Router1(config-if)#standby1preemptRouter1(config-if)#standby2ip172.22.1.2Router1(config-if)#standby2priority110Router1(config-if)#standby2preemptRouter1(config-if)#exITRouter1(config)#endRoute
