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1、生物化学及分子生物学实验常用缩略语（教学团队的范浩讲师编制）英文缩写英文名中文名A(1) absorbance(2) absorbency吸收率吸收Acracrylamide丙烯酰胺ADP adenosine diphosphate二磷酸腺苷，腺苷二磷酸AMPadenosine monophosphate腺苷一磷酸，腺苷酸Ampampicillin 氨苄青霉素AMVavian myeloblastosis virus禽类成髓细胞瘤病毒APSammonium persulfate过硫酸铵ARanalytical reagent分析纯试剂ATPadenosine triphosphate三磷酸腺苷
2、，腺苷三磷酸ALTalanine transaminase丙氨酸转氨酶BACbacterial artificial chromosome细菌人工染色体BisN,N-methylene-bis-acrylamideN,N-亚甲双丙烯酰胺BSAbovine serum albumin牛血清白蛋白bpbase pair碱基对ccc-DNAcovalently closed circular DNA共价闭环DNAcDNAcomplementary DNA互补DNACEcapillary electrophoresis毛细管电泳Chcholesterol胆固醇CPcreatine phosphate磷
3、酸肌酸DEPCdiethylpyrocarbonate焦碳酸二乙酯DNAdeoxyribonucleic acid脱氧核糖核酸dsDNAdouble stranded DNA双链DNAdsRNAdouble stranded RNA双链RNADTTdithiothreitol二硫苏糖醇EBethidium bromide溴乙锭E.coliEscherichia coli 大肠杆菌EDTAethylene diaminetetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸EGTAethylene glycol bis (2-aminoethyl) tetraacetic acid乙二醇二乙醚二胺四乙酸E
4、LISAenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay酶联免疫吸附测定（法）FAMCarboxyfluorescein羧基荧光素FCMflow cytometry流式细胞仪FITCfluorescein isothiocyanate异硫氰酸荧光素FPLCfast protein liquid chromatograpgy快速（蛋白）液相层析G6PDglucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase葡糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶GFPgreen fluorescence protein绿色荧光蛋白GSTglutathione-S-transferase谷胱甘肽S转移酶H
5、bhemoglobin血红蛋白HEPES4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸His，Hhistidine组氨酸HPLChigh performance liquid chromatography高效液相层析Hspheat shock protein热休克蛋白IEFisoelectricfocusing等电聚焦IPTGisopropyl-D-thiogalactoside异丙基-D-硫代半乳糖苷kbkilobase pair千碱基对kDa kilo-Dalton千道尔顿KmMichaelis constant米氏
6、常数LDHlactic dehydrogenase; lactate dehydrogenase乳酸脱氢酶mRNAmessenger RNA信使RNAMWmolecular weight分子量NBTnitrotetrazolium blue氯化硝基四氮唑蓝NCnitrocellulose membrane硝酸纤维素膜oc-DNAopen circular DNA开环DNAODoptical density光密度PAGEpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳PCRpolymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应PKCprotein k
7、inaseC蛋白激酶CpIisoelectric point等电点PMSFphenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride苯甲基磺酰氟RNaseribonucleaseRNA酶PBSphosphate buffered salinePBS缓冲液RNAiRNAinterferenceRNA干扰RPMround per minute每分钟转数RQ-PCRReal-time quantitative PCR实时定量PCRRT-PCRreverse transcription PCR反转录PCR，逆转录PCRSDSsodium dodecyl sulfate十二烷基硫酸钠siRNAsmal
8、l interfering RNA小干扰RNASNPsingle nucleotide polymorphism单核苷酸多态性SSCPsingle strand conformation polymorphism单链构象多态性SWRstandard working reagent标准工作液TBSTris-buffered sodium chlorideTBS缓冲液TETris-EDTA buffer含Tris和EDTA的缓冲液TEMEDN,N,N,N-tetramethyl ethylene diamineN,N,N,N-四甲基乙二胺TLCthin-layer chromatography薄层
9、层析TrisN-Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane2-氨基-2-羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇UVultraviolet紫外线X-gal5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-D-galactoside5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-D-半乳糖苷YACyeast artificial chromosome vector酵母人工染色体载体生物化学与分子生物学实验常用词中英文对照（教学团队的范浩讲师编制）矮化砧嫁接的苹果树树冠体积小于乔化砧嫁接的苹果树树冠体积，矮化砧苹果树单株产量低于乔化砧苹果树，所以，栽植矮化苹果树必须根据不同的矮化砧木和不同类型的短枝型品种适当
10、加大栽培密度Aabluent 洗洁剂absolute (ethyl) alcohol 无水乙醇absorbance (A) 吸光率，吸收率absorbency (A) 吸收性，吸光度absorption 吸收（作用）absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption spectrum 吸收光谱abstract 提取acetate 乙酸盐，醋酸盐acetic acid 乙酸，醋酸acidity 酸度，酸性acrylamide 丙烯酰胺adjustable micropipetter 可调式微量移液器/加样器affinity 亲和，亲和力，亲和性affinity label
11、ing 亲和标记agar 琼脂agarose 琼脂糖agarose gel electrophoresis 琼脂糖凝胶电泳agitate 搅动A:G ratio A/G比率，清球比率alanine (Ala, A) 丙氨酸albumin 清蛋白，白蛋白alcohol 酒精，乙醇alcohol burner 酒精灯alkalinity 碱度，碱性alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶alpha complementation -互补amino 氨基amino terminal 氨基（末）端，N-（末）端ammonium persulfate 过硫酸铵ampholyte 两性电解质a
12、mplicon PCR扩增产物amplification 扩增analytical balance 分析天平analytical reagent 分析纯试剂anhydrous 脱水的，无水的annealing 退火antibiotics 抗生素antibody 抗体antigen 抗原antiseptic 消毒剂，防腐剂apolipoprotein 载脂蛋白apoptosis 凋亡appearent molecular weight 表观分子量aseptic 无菌的，防腐剂autoclave 高压灭菌器automatic biochemical analyzer 全自动生化分析仪automat
13、ic gel image analysis system 全自动凝胶成像分析系统autoradiography 放射自显影azotometer 定氮仪Bbalance 天平base 碱基base sequence 碱基序列beaker 烧杯beaker brush 烧杯刷Beers law 比尔定律benchtop ultracentrifuge 台式超速离心机biochemistry 生物化学biochip 生物芯片biomacromolecule 生物大分子biotin 生物素biuret reaction 双缩脲反应blender 搅拌器，搅碎器blood 血液blood sugar 血
14、糖blotting 印迹分析blotting membranes 印迹膜blotting paper 印迹用滤纸blue-white selection 蓝白斑筛选blunt end 平端bottle brush 瓶刷bromophenol blue 溴酚蓝buffer 缓冲液Ccapacity 容量capillary electrophoresis 毛细管电泳capillary electrophoresis system 毛细管电泳仪carboxy(l) 羧基catalyst 催化剂catecholamine 儿茶酚胺cation 阳离子cDNA 互补DNAcDNA chip cDNA芯片cDNA library cDNA
