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1、AntConc (Windows, Macintosh OS X, and Linux) Build 3.4.1 Laurence Anthony, Ph.D. Center for English Language Education in Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan January 31, 2014 Introduction AntConc is a freeware
2、, multiplatform tool for carrying out corpus linguistics research and data-driven learning. It runs on any computer running Microsoft Windows (tested on Win 98/Me/2000/NT, XP, Vista, Win 7), Macintosh OS X (tested on 10.4.x, 10.5.x, 10.6.x), and Linux (tested on Ubuntu 10, Linux Mint). It is develop
3、ed in Perl using ActiveStates PerlApp compiler to generate executables for the different operating systems. Getting Started (No installation necessary) Windows On Windows systems, simply double click the AntConc icon and this will launch the program. Macintosh OS X On Macintosh systems, simply doubl
4、e clicAk the AntConc icon and this will launch the program. Linux On Linux systems, change the permissions to allow AntConc to be run as an executable file. Next, double click the AntConc executable and it will launch. Caution: Do not place user settings files from older versions of AntConc in the s
5、ame folder as new versions. This can cause unexpected problems and may even prevent AntConc from starting. It is recommended that you delete your earlier settings file and export it again from the AntConc file menu. Overview of Tools AntConc contains seven tools that can be accessed either by clicki
6、ng on their tabs in the tool window, or using the function keys F1 to F7. Concordance Tool: This tool shows search results in a KWIC (KeyWord In Context) format. This allows you to see how words and phrases are commonly used in a corpus of texts. Concordance Plot Tool This tool shows search results
7、plotted as a barcode format. This allows you to see the position where search results appear in target texts. File View Tool This tool shows the text of individual files. This allows you to investigate in more detail the results generated in other tools of AntConc. Clusters/N-Grams The Clusters Tool
8、 shows clusters based on the search condition. In effect it summarizes the results generated in the Concordance Tool or Concordance Plot Tool. The N-Grams Tool, on the other hand, scans the entire corpus for N (e.g. 1 word, 2 words, ) length clusters. This allows you to find common expressions in a
9、corpus. Collocates: This tool shows the collocates of a search term. This allows you to investigate non-sequential patterns in language. Word List: This tool counts all the words in the corpus and presents them in an ordered list. This allows you to quickly find which words are the most frequent in
10、a corpus. Keyword List: This tool shows the which words are unusually frequent (or infrequent) in the corpus in comparison with the words in a reference corpus. This allows you to identify characteristic words in the corpus, for example, as part of a genre or ESP study. Concordance Tool This tool sh
11、ows search results in a KWIC (KeyWord In Context) format. This allows you to see how words and phrases are commonly used in a corpus of texts. The following steps produce a set of concordance lines from a corpus and demonstrate the main features of this tool. 1) Select one or more files for processi
12、ng from using the Open File(s). or Open Dir. options in the File menu. The list of selected files is shown in the left frame of the main window. 2) Enter a search term on which to build concordance lines in the search box. 3) Choose the number of text characters to be outputted on either side of the
13、 search term, using the increase and decrease buttons on the right of the button bar under the “Search Window Size“ title. (default value is 50 characters) 4) Click on the Start button to start the concordance lines results generation. The concordance generation can be halted at any time by clicking
14、 on the Stop button. 5) Use the Kwic Sort options to rearrange the concordance lines at three different levels. 0 is the search word, 1L, 2L. are words to the left of the target word, 1R, 2R. are words to the right of the target word. 6) Click on the Sort button to start the sorting process. 7) Move
15、 the cursor over the highlighted search term in one of the concordance lines. The cursor will change to a small hand icon. Clicking on the highlighted search term, will allow you to view the search term hit as it appears in the original file via the File View Tool (see below). 8) Click on the “Clone
16、 Results” button to create a copy of the results so that different sets of results can be compared. The total number of concordance lines generated (Concordance Hits) is shown at the top of the tool window. This number will flash with the word “FINISHED“ when processing has been completed, and will flash with the word “NO HITS“, if not hits are generated for a particular search term. Search terms can be specified as being “words“ (default) or “character strings“ by
