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1、,组播 Multicast,深圳职业技术学院电子与通信工程学院,为什么组播? 组播编址 主机-路由器通告: IGMP 组播分发树 组播转发 组播路由协议 IGMP协议的作用 IGMP V1的消息 IGMP V2的消息 PIM DM工作原理 PIM DM中的消息类型 PIM DM配置 PIM Sparse Mode工作原理 共享树到源树的切换 PIM Sparse Mode配置 Auto-RP的配置,教学目标（ Objectives ）,第四节 PIM稀疏模式,PIM-SM 加入共享树,接收者,RP,共享树的沿途路由器产生(*, G),PIM-SM 源进行注册,Receiver,RP,Share
2、d Tree,基于源的树沿途产生(S, G),PIM-SM源进行注册,Receiver,RP,Shared Tree,当(S,G)组播流量到达RP后，RP发送注册停止消息到第一跳路由器,PIM-SM源进行注册,Receiver,RP,Shared Tree,组播数据从源沿着基于源的树到达RP，然后再沿着共享树从RP到达接收者,PIM-SM共享树的切换,Receiver,RP,Shared Tree,最后一跳路由器发起加入到源的树,PIM-SM共享树的切换,Receiver,RP,Shared Tree,数据开始沿着基于源的树发送到接收者 路由器开始修剪共享树,PIM-SM共享树的切换,Rece
3、iver,RP,Shared Tree,共享树被修剪,PIM-SM共享树的切换,Receiver,RP,Shared Tree,如果RP的全部接口都被修剪，则也不需要从源到达RP的转发树了，RP开始发送修剪消息,PIM-SM共享树的切换,Receiver,RP,Shared Tree,最终从源到达RP的树也被修剪了。,PIM-SM v2包类型,PIM Hello PIM Join/Prune PIM Register/Register-Stop,PIM Sparse Mode Review,B,E,A,D,C,RP,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,D
4、,Receiver 1 Joins Group G C Creates (*, G) State, Sends (*, G) Join to the RP,RP,Join,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,RP Creates (*, G) State,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,Source 1,Source 1 Sends Data A Sends Registers to the RP,Register,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Rec
5、eiver 1,B,A,RP,D,RP De-Encapsulates Registers Forwards Data Down the Shared Tree Sends Joins Toward the Source,Join,Join,Source 1,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,RP Sends Register-Stop when Data Arrives Natively,Register-Stop,Source 1,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,C S
6、ends (S, G) Joins to Join the Shortest Path (SPT) Tree,(S, G) Join,Source 1,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,C Sends Prunes Up the RP tree for the Source. RP Deletes (S, G) OIL and Sends Prune Toward the Source,(S, G) RP Bit Prune,(S, G) Prune,Source 1,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiv
7、er 1,B,RP,D,New Receiver 2 Joins E Creates State and Sends (*, G) Join,Receiver 2,(*, G) Join,Source 1,E,C,A,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,C Adds Link Toward E to the OIL List of Both (*, G) and (S, G) Data from Source Arrives at E,Receiver 2,Source 1,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver
8、 1,B,A,RP,D,Source 2 Starts Sending, D Sends Registers, RP Forwards Data to Receivers down Shared Tree,Receiver 2,Source 2,Register,Source 1,E,C,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,RP Sends Joins to D,Receiver 2,Register,Join,Source 1,E,C,Source 2,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,Da
9、ta begins flowing to RP down SPT, RP sends Register-Stop,Receiver 2,Register-Stop,Source 1,E,C,Source 2,PIM Sparse Mode Review,Receiver 1,B,A,RP,D,Both Shared Tree and SPT in use,Receiver 2,Source 1,E,C,Source 2,PIM Sparse 配置, 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.,PIM Sparse Mode Chapter2,PIM SM配置命令,配置RP,PIM SM
10、配置举例,ip multicast-routing interface Ethernet 0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.0.0 ip pim sparse-mode interface Ethernet 1 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.0.0 ip pim sparse-mode interface Serial 0 ip address 192.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode ip pim rp-address 3.3.3.3,show ip pim interface,NA-2#sh i
11、p pim interface Address Interface Ver/ Nbr Query DR DR Mode Count Intvl Prior 10.139.16.133 Serial0/0 v2/S 1 30 1 0.0.0.0 10.127.0.170 Serial1/2 v2/S 1 30 1 0.0.0.0 10.127.0.242 Serial1/3 v2/S 1 30 1 0.0.0.0,show ip pim neighbor,NA-2#sh ip pim neighbor PIM Neighbor Table Neighbor Interface Uptime/Ex
12、pires Ver DR Address Priority 10.139.16.134 Serial0/0 00:01:46/00:01:28 v2 None 10.127.0.169 Serial1/2 00:01:05/00:01:40 v2 1 (BD) 10.127.0.241 Serial1/3 00:01:56/00:01:18 v2 1 (BD),show ip pim rp检查RP信息,P4-2#sh ip pim rp Group: 224.1.2.3, RP: 10.127.0.7, uptime 00:00:20, expires never P4-2#sh ip pim
13、 rp mapping PIM Group-to-RP Mappings Group(s) 224.0.1.39/32 RP 10.127.0.7 (NA-1), v1 Info source: local, via Auto-RP Uptime: 00:00:21, expires: never Group(s) 224.0.1.40/32 RP 10.127.0.7 (NA-1), v1 Info source: local, via Auto-RP Uptime: 00:00:21, expires: never Group(s): 224.0.0.0/4, Static RP: 10.
14、127.0.7 (NA-1),show ip rpf,(towards the RP) NA-2#sh ip rpf 10.127.0.7 RPF information for NA-1 (10.127.0.7) RPF interface: Serial1/3 RPF neighbor: ? (10.127.0.241) RPF route/mask: 10.127.0.7/32 RPF type: unicast (ospf 1) RPF recursion count: 0 Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables (towards the source) NA-2#sh ip rpf 10.139.17.126 RPF information for ? (10.139.17.126) RPF interface: Serial0/0 RPF neighbor: ? (10.139.16.134) RPF route/mask: 10.139.17.0/25 RPF type: unicast (ospf 1) RPF recursion count: 0 Doing distance
