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1、2018年齐齐哈尔大学外国语学院803英语语言学之语言学教程考研强化五套模拟题-目录 2018年齐齐哈尔大学外国语学院803英语语言学之语言学教程考研强化五套模拟题（一） . 2 2018年齐齐哈尔大学外国语学院803英语语言学之语言学教程考研强化五套模拟题（二） . 14 2018年齐齐哈尔大学外国语学院803英语语言学之语言学教程考研强化五套模拟题（三） . 23 2018年齐齐哈尔大学外国语学院803英语语言学之语言学教程考研强化五套模拟题（四） . 31 2018年齐齐哈尔大学外国语学院803英语语言学之语言学教程考研强化五套模拟题（五） . 41一、Explain-the-fllow
2、ing-terms1 1-narrator【答案】 The person who tells the story may also be a character in the fictional world of the story, relating the story after the event. In this ease the critics call the narrator a FIRST-PERSON NARRATOR or I- NARRATOR because when the narrator refers to himself or herself in the st
3、ory the first person pronoun I is used. First-person narrators are often said to be “limited” because they don?t know all the faces or “unreliable” because they trick the reader by withholding information or telling untruths. This often happens in murder and mystery stories. 2 Idiolect【答案】 Just as e
4、very speech community has a dialect, every speaker has his own pet words and expressions and special way of expressing his ideas in language. This language variety of individual users is called “idiolect” 3 DisplacementLanguage can be used to refer to what is present, what is absent, what happens at
5、 present, 【答案】what happened in the past, what will happen in the future or what happens in a far-away place. This property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place. For example , we can talk about Sapir, who is already dead; we can even talk about next wee
6、k, which is in the future. 4 Language acquisition【答案】 It refers to the gradual development of ability in a language by using it naturally in communicative situations. 5 CategorizationCategorization is the process of classifying our experiences into different categories based 【答案】on commonalities and
7、 differences. There are three levels in categories: the basic level，the superordinate level ，and the subordinate level. 6 CAI and CAL【答案】 Computer-assisted instruction （CAI ） means the use of a computer in a teaching program. This includes:a. A teaching program which is presented by a computer in a
8、sequence. The student responds on the computer , and the computer indicates whether the responses are correct or incorrect.b. The use of computers to monitor student progress, to direct students into appropriate lessons,material , etc. This is also called computer-managed instruction.Parallel to CAI
9、 , there is CAL （Computer-Assistant Learning ） . The former aims at seeing educational problems on the part of the teacher, whereas the latter emphasizes the use of a computer in both teaching and learning in order to help the learner achieve educational objectives. The first kind of CAL programs wh
10、ich were developed reflected principles similar to programmed instruction. The computer leads the student through learning task step-by-step, asking questions to check comprehension. Depending on the studenfs response, the computer gives the student further practice or progresses to new material （se
11、e branching ）. In more recent CAL courseware students are able to interact with the computer and perform higher-level tasks while exploring a subject or problem. 7 Open-class words【答案】 Open-class words refer to words whose membership is in principle infinite or unlimited and with the emergence of ne
12、w ideas , inventions , and so on ; new expressions are continually and constantly being added to the lexicon. For example , nouns , verbs , and adjectives all belong to this class. 8 stream of consciousness writing【答案】 The term was originally coined by the philosopher William James in his Principle
13、of Psychology （1890） to describe the free association of ideas and impressions in the mind. It was later applied to the writing of William Faulkner, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf and others experimenting early in the 20th century with the novelistic portrayal of the free flow of thought. Note, however
14、, that the majority of thought presentation in novels is not stream of consciousness writing. The examples we have discussed above are not stream of consciousness writing because they are too orderly to constitute the free association of ideas. Perhaps the most famous piece of stream of consciousnes
15、s writing is that associated with Leopold Bloom in Joyce?s Ulysses. Here he is in a restaurant thinking about oysters.“Filthy shells. Devil to open them too. Who found them out? Garbage, sewage they feed on. Fizz and Red bank oysters. Effect on the sexual. Aphrodis. （sic ） He was in the Red bank thi
16、s morning. Was he oyster old fish at table. Perhaps he young flesh in bed. No. June has no ar （sic ） no oysters. But there are people like tainted game. Jugged hare. First catch your hare. Chinese eating eggs fifty years old , blue and green again. Dinner of thirty courses. Each dish harmless might mix inside. Idea for a poison mystery.66 This cognitive
