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1、Lesson,BIOS,What do you know about BIOS? Once the PC power up,what happened in its internal?,Warm-up Exercises,power up 启动 boot process 启动程序 BIOS 基本输入/输出系统 flash memory 快闪存储器 basic configuration 基本配置 activate 启动 POST 开机自检 hardware failure 硬件故障 revision 版本,Words Preparation,detect 检测 splash screen 启动
2、画面 boot disk 启动盘 sequentially 顺序地 bootstrap loader 引导装入程序 launch 启动,Words Preparation,When you first power up a PC, the machine goes through several internal processes before its ready for you to use. This is called the boot process, or booting the PC, which is controlled by the PCs basic input-outp
3、ut system (BIOS). The BIOS is software stored on a flash memory chip. In a PC, the BIOS is embedded on the motherboard. Besides controlling the boot process, the BIOS provides a basic configuration interface for the PCs hardware components. In that interface, you can configure such things as the ord
4、er to read drives during boot and how fast the processor should be allowed to run. he information about how to enter its BIOS interface is often displayed when you first boot the computer, with a message such as, “Press DEL to enter Setup Menu.“,基本输入/输出系统嵌在计算机的主板上。,在那个界面上，你可以设置这样一些东西，比如在启动期间读取驱动器的命令
5、，还有处理器被允许运行的快慢。,The following is a summary of the boot process in a PC: The power button activates the power supply in the PC, sending power to the motherboard and other components. 1. The PC performs a power-on self-test (POST). The POST is a small computer program within the BIOS that checks for h
6、ardware failures. A single beep after the POST signals that everythings okay. Other beep sequences signal a hardware failure, and PC repair specialists compare these sequences with a chart to determine which component has failed. 2. The PC displays information on the attached monitor showing details
7、 about the boot process. These include the BIOS manufacturer and revision, processor specs, the amount of RAM installed, and the drives detected. Many PCs have replaced displaying this information with a splash screen showing the manufacturers logo.,其他的哔哔声表明出现了硬件故障，计算机维修专家用图表一对比这些声音出现的序列就能知道哪个部件出故障了
8、。,这些包括了BIOS的厂家和版本、操作程序的说明书、安装的随机存储器的容量，还有被检测到的驱动器。,3. You can turn off the splash screen in the BIOS settings if youd rather see the text. 4. The BIOS attempts to access the first sector of the drive designated as the boot disk. The first sector is the first kilobytes of the disk in sequence, if the
9、 drive is read sequentially starting with the first available storage address. The boot disk is typically the same hard disk or solid-state drive that contains your operating system. You can change the boot disk by configuring the BIOS or interrupting the boot process with a key sequence (often indi
10、cated on the boot screens).,5. The BIOS confirms theres a bootstrap loader, or boot loader, in that first sector of the boot disk, and it loads that boot loader into memory (RAM). The boot loader is a small program designed to find and launch the PCs operating system. 6. Once the boot loader is in m
11、emory, the BIOS hands over its work to the boot loader, which in turn begins loading the operating system into memory. When the boot loader finishes its task, it turns control of the PC over to the operating system. Then, the OS is ready for user interaction.,一旦引导加载程序进入内存，BIOS就会将自己的任务转交给引导加载程序，这样就轮流
12、开始将操作系统载入内存。,The term BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) was invented by Gary Kildall and first appeared in the CP/M operating system in 1976, describing the machine-specific part of CP/M loaded during boot time that interfaces directly with the hardware. (A CP/M machine usually has only a simple boot
13、 loader in its ROM). Versions of MS-DOS or PC-DOS contain a file called variously “IO.SYS“, “IBMBIO.COM“, “IBMBIO.SYS“, or “DRBIOS.SYS“; this file is known as the “DOS BIOS“, which is analogous to the “CP/M BIOS“. In other types of computers, the terms boot monitor, boot loader, and boot ROM are use
14、d. Some Sun and PowerPC-based computers use Open Firmware for this purpose. There are a few alternatives for “Legacy BIOS“ in the x86 world: Extensible Firmware Interface, Open Firmware (used on the OLPC XO-1), and core boot.,BIOS,Questions,Whats the POST for? What will be displayed on the attached
15、monitor showing details about the boot process? How can you change the boot disk? Is the boot loader a small program designed to find and launch the PCs operating system? What have you learned about BIOS?,Translate the following sentences into Chinese,This is called the boot process, or booting the
16、PC, which is controlled by the PCs basic input-output system (BIOS). Many PCs have replaced displaying this information with a splash screen showing the manufacturers logo. The boot loader is a small program designed to find and launch the PCs operating system.,Simple writing,Please describe the boot process in a PC., THANK YOU！ ,
