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1、状语从句状语从句在高考试题中加上其它从句的干扰，以及倒装句，强调句的介入，使得状语从句更为复杂。状语从句是一种副词性从句，通常由一个从属连词或一个起连词作用的词组引导。1.时间状语从句由下列连词引导：when, while , as, before, after, once, till, until, once, as soon as, now that, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan,有一些表示时间的副词（短语）或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如：directly, instantly, immediately, by the time，th
2、e moment, the second, the minute, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the last time等注意点如下：1)when, while, as引导的时间状语从句as表示“当的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。She came up as I was cooking.(同时) When I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.我在街上行走时，碰到一位
3、老朋友when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)When we arrived there, the film had already begun.(先后发生)While强调一段时间里，仅表示从句和主句的动作同时发生，并且有延续意义，该从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词，从句
4、中常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态；在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。Please dont talk so loud while/when others are working. 其他人工作时请不要大声讲话。He fell asleep while/when reading. 读书时他睡着了。 While they were watching TV, I was preparing myself for the coming examination.他们在看电视，而我在为即将到来的考试做准备。Strike while the iron is hot.( 不可用as
5、或when，这里的while意思是“趁”)as表示主从句动作同时发生，所以常译作一边一边。John sings as he works.As his hands dropped he dropped with it, and I laid him down ,dead.当When引出的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用 as 引导的省略句来代替。When he was a young man (= As a young man ) he was fond of hunting.2)before状语从句的重点句型It will (not ) be
6、a period of timebefore还要才，要不了多久就was (not)过了才, 没多久就It was a long time before I got to sleep . 过了好长时间我才睡着了。 It wasnt long before he told me about the news.没多久他就告诉了我那条新闻。不等就在-之前：Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.The telephone rang offbefore I could answer it.我还没来得及接电话，电话就挂断了。刚就：He hardly
7、 entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.先再：You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.做出决定之前你还有几天时间考虑Before she could move, she heard a great noise, which grew to a terrible roar.Before I could say a word, she had stormed out of the room.It will be five year
8、s before I come back.It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.It wont be long before they understand each other.Do it before you forget it.二There is nothing that has not been bitter before being ripe.He was brought before the judg三Ive seen the film Titanic before.I have never
9、 seen such beautiful flowers before.四Before long, he went to America.I hope to see you before long.She said she had read the novel long before.That happened long before.3)since 引导的从句用延续性动词的过去式（包括过去完成时），则从句的动作已经结束,从句意思是否定的。如果从句的动词是延续性动词的完成时态，从句意思是肯定的。It is /has beena period of time 延续性动词的过去式自从该动作结束已多
10、长时间延续性动词的完成时态since该动作已延续了多长时间短暂性动词的过去式自从该动作开始已多长时间He has never been to see me since I was ill.我病愈后，他一直未来看我。（不在生病了）He has never been to see me since I have been ill.我病了，他一直未来看我。I havent heard from him since he lived here.自从他这里搬走，我就没有收到他的信。（不住在这儿了）I know him very well since he has lived here near us.自
11、他住在我们附近以来，我对他很了解。Its three years since I was in the army.我退伍已三年了。（不在服役了）Its three years since I have been in the army=Its three years since I joined the army.我入伍已三年了。4)如果与till与until从句使用的主句是肯定的，则主句中谓语要用延续性动词如果与其使用的主句是否肯定的，则主句中谓语要用短暂性动词。另till从句不可以置于句首，只有until从句可以放在句首。not until 放在句首时主句要倒装。He didnt go b
12、ack to his hometown until three years later.=Not until three years later did he go back to his hometown.I didnt recognize him until he took off his glasses.= Not until he took off his glasses did I recognize him.2.原因状语从句由下列连词引导：as, because, since, now that, considering that, seeing that(鉴于-)。下面几点值得注
13、意：because语气最强，用于回答why的提问，可与强调词only, just 以及否定词not 连用。但不可以与so连用。如You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you.He failed because he was careless. 他因粗心而失败了。because引导的从句可以被强调：It was because she wanted to study abroad that she entered for TOEFL2) since引导的从句语气次于because引导的从句，常表示稍加分析后而推断
14、出的原因，或指人们已知的事实，比as正式一些,常置于句首。as语气最弱，其原因只是对结果的附带说明，一般放在句首。Since/ Now that no one is against it ,lets carry out the plan.Since everyone has come, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都来了，我们开会吧。As all the seats were full, he stood there.所有的座位都满了他只好站那儿。3) for虽解释为“因为”但只是一个并列连词，它也常引导句子表原因，但不是原因状语从句，它是一个并列句。for所提供的理
15、由是一种补充性的说明，表推测的理由。The day was short, for it was December.It might have rained last night for the ground is wet. 昨晚可能下雨了，因为地面是湿的。She must have cried for her eyes are red. 她一定哭过了，她眼睛红的。He cant have done that for he is not that kind of man. 他不可能这么做的，因为他不是那种人。3.地点状语从句由下列连词引导:where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere。You may find him where his brother lives.You are free to go wherever you like. 你可以去你想要去
