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1、冲击试验装置专利Abstract of the disclosureA pair of bow limbs are-positioned on either side of a track and a bow line attached to the outer ends of the limbs is attached to a carriage which rides on the track for carrying a test package. A source of power draws the bow line against the bias of the bow limbs
2、 and a quick release mechanism release the power source from the bow so that the carriage and package are propelled at high velocity toward an impact receiving surface. A stop halts movement of the carriage Short of the impact receiving surface and the package continues in free flight to impact the
3、surface. 专利摘要一对弓臂置于一个轨道的两侧，一根连接到弓臂外端的弓弦连接到轨道上的一个载体上，该载体用于装载试验包。一个动力源克服弓臂的偏置拉动弓弦，一个快速释放机构把弓上的动力源释放以使载体和试验包得到驱动高速撞向冲击接收表面。一个止动机构在离冲击接收表面不远的地方使载体停止运动同时试验包继续自由飞行撞击该表面。Origin of the invention The invention described herein was made in the performance of work under a NASA contract and is subject to the pr
4、ovisions of Section 305 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, Public Law 85-568 (72.Stat. 435; 42 USC 2457). 本发明的起源本文描述的发明是执行 NASA 合同的结果，并且遵守公共法 85-568(72.Stat. 435; 42 USC 2457)，1958 年的国家航空航天法案的第 305 节的各项规定。This invention relates to an impact testing device. More particularly this inve
5、ntion relates to an impact testing device which is compact and yet has the capability of imparting large impact forces on packages that have been accelerated to high velocities. In many fields there is a need for impact test machines. In the field of aerospace engineering, interplanetary mission stu
6、dies have shown that a need will exist for an impact test machine capable of simulating spacecraft planetary hard landings. When a spacecraft lands on a planet to perform subsequent experiments, it is necessary that the scientific payload be capable of withstanding the impact environment. In particu
7、lar, if the spacecraft impacts the surface with a relatively high velocity, the scientific payload must be isolated in some manner to insure successful mission performance. The design of the spacecraft structure and scientific experiments is very difficult and is advancing the state of the art. Ther
8、efore, it is necessary that tests be performed to collaborate analytical techniques and qualify designs. In performing these tests, the conditions of planetary hard landing (velocity, impact angle, planetary surface characteristics) should be simulated as closely as possible. 本发明涉及一种冲击试验装置。更特殊的是本发明涉
9、及一种小巧然而却具有对已经被加到很高速度的试验包施加大冲击力的能力。在很多领域里都需要冲击试验机。在航空航天工程领域，星际航行研究表明对能够模拟航天器在行星上硬着陆的冲击试验机有需求。当航天器在行星上着陆进行后续实验时，有效科学载荷能经受住冲击环境就很有必要。特别是，如果航天器以较高的相对速度撞击行星表面，有效科学载荷必须以某种方式隔离以保证成功地执行任务。航天器结构和科学实验的设计非常困难并且正在推进当前的工艺水平。因此，所进行的试验与分析技术结合并且提高设计质量是有必要的。在这些试验进行过程中，行星硬着陆的条件（速度、撞击角度、行星表面特性等）必须模拟得尽可能接近。Impact testi
10、ng in prior art examples has failed to adequately fulfill the conditions of accurately simulating the impact of devices on the earth or other planetary bodies. One method in the past of testing impact on a package has been to drop the package from a building or the like. However, the impact is limit
11、ed by the height to which the object is taken prior to drop and also the maximum terminal velocity an object can reach. Another method in the prior art by which impact can be transmitted to a device for measurment thereof is described in U.S. Patent No. 2,200,028 in which an inclined slide is used w
12、ith a vehicle rolling thereon so that velocity is obtained and the impact can be measured at the bottom of the inclined slide. However, this device relies on gravity and of necessity occupies a great amount of space. 在现有技术中的冲击试验示例都没能充分实现准确模拟装置撞击地球或其它行星体的冲击的条件。过去对一个试验包的试验冲击的方法之一就是把该试验包从一座建筑物或类似物体上投下。
13、然而，该冲击受到该试验件先前准备投放的高度和该试验件最终可能达到的最大速度的限制。现有技术的另一种方法可以用来把冲击传到试验件上，其测量在美国专利 No. 2,200,028 有所描述，其中使用一个斜面供一个小车在上面滚动，这样在斜面的底部所达到的速度和冲击就可以测得。然而，该装置依赖重力并且必须占用大量空间。This invention obviates many of the problems encountered in the prior art examples by providing an impact testing device which occupies relative
14、ly little space while imparting high velocity to a package to be tested. Also, the test package is not overly constrained with respect to size. The device in its briefest aspects consists of a track along which the package to be tested is guided, with a pair of bow limbs on either side of the track
15、to which is attached a bow line, A carriage in which the package is carried, is attached to the bow line. A source of power, such as an electrical winch, draws the bow line against the bias of the bow limbs. A quick release mechanism, when actuated releases the power source from the bow line so that
16、 the carriage is propelled toward an impact receiving surface. 本发明提供了一种试验装置相对占用很小的空间同时对待试验包施以很高的速度，从而避免现有技术示例中遭遇的很多问题。试验包的大小也并没有受到过度约束。该装置用最简略的方面描述包括一个待试验包沿着移动的滑轨、一对置于滑轨两侧的连接弓弦的弓臂，一个承载试验包的连接到弓弦上的载体。一个动力源，如电动绞盘拉动弓弦反抗弓臂的偏转。一个快速释放机构，触发后可以将动力源与弓弦断开，这样载体就被驱动冲向冲击接收面。The package is hurled at high velocity against the impact receiving surface. It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved impact testing device. Another object of this invention is to provide an improved met
